After World War II, the castle was returned to its rightful owners, the descendants of koda's president Josef imonek. Waters said he used rolls of fishing line to measure it. No one had managed to sound the bottom because it was part of an extensive cave system that continued under the mountain. Earth mysteries, weird locations, anomalous phenomena. Its impossible to discuss bottomless pits without invoking the idea of gates to hell. No. Priests were said to send the demons from exorcisms into black dogs which were subsequently drowned in the bog. Nestled away deep in the Czech countryside, Houska Castle was built near the top of a cliff around one hour from the city of Prague. Houska Castle: Gateway To Hell. Today, Houska Castle remains one of the most haunted places on Earth. Houska Castle was built during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia between 1253 and 1278 as an administrative hub from which the king could manage royal estates. This list now takes us to a remote part of the Czech Republic's countryside and to an actual port to Hell. By 1639, the castle was occupied by a Swedish mercenary named Oronto. The fact that this beast is using its left hand to shoot its arrow is even more unnerving, as left-handedness was associated with Satan in the Middle Ages. Vaclav Hajek also mentioned a strange crack in the top of the limestone cliff, and a pit so deep, that it seemed to be endless. The lake had formed from a cavern roof collapse after an earthquake some 2000 years ago. Houska Castle. The first man to do so happily agreed to be lowered down by a rope but cried out to be raised back up within seconds. The Houska Castle, located north of Prague, is an enigmatic location with little-known history and innumerable legends. The Dozmary Pool in Bodmin Moor, Cornwall was said to have an outlet to the sea which was 10.5miles (16.9 km) away. If you're looking for a one way trip to the underworld, there's no shortage of alleged "gateways to hell" hidden all over the world. This makes it clear that Houska Castle was not built as a protective sanctuary or a residence. There was even a claim of metals changing form in the hole. They can be dangerous as the water is constantly cold and the sides may be steep making it hard to climb out. It is believed that the castle was built to keep the evil in. Get notified of the best best booming posts weekly. Prisoners were lowered into the crevasse to see what was down there and were promised release if they exited safely. The most famous blue hole of New Jersey is in Winslow, one of many pools that appear in the sandy Pine Barrens coastal plains. This is suggestive of some evil entity or the lake itself as a living thing that takes sacrifices. No wonder, all the prisoners agreed. While it was unheard of at the time to include depictions of pagan mythology in a church, even more staggering is the fact that the centaur is using its left hand to shoot an arrow as left-handedness was associated with service to Satan in the Middle Ages. The Houska pit was attributed as the source of strange visitations. The danger is personified in a monster called the Lusca, a shark-headed creature with an octopus body who was said to live in the deep blue holes. Houska Castle is an early Gothic castle, located 47 km north of Prague, the Czech Republic, close to the German border and surrounded by thick woodland crisscrossed with low peaks and rushing streams. Built in the latter half of the 13th century, it is thought to have been constructed on the orders of Ottakar II, known as the Iron and Golden King. Locals were said to fear the endless abyss so much, they believed that they would be turned into the demonic creatures it spawned themselves. The location is about 30 miles north of Prague. It is not far from Prague (cca 50 km) in the Central Bohemian region. Supposedly, the bodies were never recovered. Again, we see the idea of a sucking current that could capture swimmers. Villagers eventually tried to block the alleged "gateway to Hell" with stones, only to see the seemingly bottomless pit devour whatever they threw in refusing to be sealed. [9][10] Another source states locals believed that the Nazis had been using the "powers of Hell" for their experiments. There is mention in places that a natural crevasse existed at the site and people disappeared (Fallen in or dragged in? For more on that location, see a previous feature here. The audiotape of the voices may have come from a horror movie. Unfortunately, or fortunately, it doesnt exist as described. The Legend of the Unfathomable Waters. Astonishing Legends podcast https://www.astonishinglegends.com/. First up, we'll be discussing the mysterious Houska Castle, a 13th-century Gothic structure in the Czech Republic which was supposedly built over an actual gateway to Hell. como se toma el licor de guayaba; is he living or is he dead theme; rogue marine boats for sale; winecup gamble ranch lawsuit; houska castle pit explorationgus lanza before. He recognized the rumor as a folklore motif common in New England. As with some of the bottomless lakes waterless chasms are often karst-related sinkholes or caves. Houska Castle on Wikipedia. Possibly. (1957). Mining created the Chuquicamata Copper Mine, in Chile at 2,790, the Kimberley Mine in South Africa at 700 and the Berkeley Pit, in Butte, Montana at 1700. There is no way you could measure such a deep hole in this way. Person, H.A. It was said he toiled night and day to discover an elixir for eternal life. Filling a sinkhole often doesnt work because the fill material collapses into a bigger opening. With World War II resulting in fierce fighting across the continent, the Nazis swept into the Czech Republic, and decided to enrich their knowledge of the occult by studying at Houska Castle. While he was based there, its said that he was well aware of the stories of the paranormal phenomena that had been reported at the castle. The earth occasionally does open up dramatically such as when huge sinkholes collapse. linus pauling vitamin c, lysine protocol. It is April 8, 2014. Built in the 13th century by Bohemian settlers, the layout and history of Houska Castle suggest something sinister lurks there and legend holds that it sits atop a gateway to Hell. You can visit this location during the kosher tours with Kosher River Cruise to the gems of Central Europe! It was originally constructed in the 13th century, between 1253 and 1278, during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia. Known to locals as the location to the Gates of Hell, all sorts of demons and mysterious entities have been spotted here. Montezuma well in McGuireville Arizona is a collapsed carbonate pool 368 feet wide and 55 feet deep. The story of the hole at Houska castle sounds mighty similar to a more modern version the wholly constructed legend of Mels Hole of Ellensburg, Washington. It can be difficult to measure a true bottom if a cavern extends into a deeper karst system. Some have water. Tourists may visit the chapel with fading frescoes and murals "including pictures of demon-like figures and animal-like beings". Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. In the 1930s, the Nazis conducted experiments in the castle of the occult variety. Houska Castle did trade hands between various nobles and aristocrats in later centuries, however. The castle was built in an impenetrable forest that provided no hunting opportunities nor strategic position near a border or any trade routes. While locals claimed to have seen winged creatures fly out of the gateway to Hell in the past, today's visitors say they've observed other entities. Houska 1, 471 62 Doksy, Czechia. Originally constructed in the 13th century during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia, the gothic castle is located about an hour north of Prague. The cool story became popular. Here, more surface occult activity supposedly occurs as this place is where the devil meets with his minions and a headless ghost circles the pond after being summoned by hobgoblins. There are countless tales of bottomless lakes, pools, and bogs. The castle's eerie history doesn't stop there, though. The Prague Daily Monitor reports that many visitors are baffled by its counterintuitive architecture and unnerved by the fresco paintings in the chapel. Some believe that an obsession with the occult by high-ranking members was why the Nazis occupied Houska Castle. Mike Dash suggests that the widespread legend of bottomless holes and lakes was an indicator of the limits of geographical mobility a century or more ago. This is likely not true as brown trout and char live in the lake. Indeed, to this day, visitors claim to hear screams and scratching noises from beneath the chapel floor. Hydrogen sulfide gas in the water is toxic and can cause dizziness and nausea, disorienting divers. 3. [4] Later on, it passed to the hands of the aristocracy, frequently passing from the ownership of one to another. [8][unreliable source?] Himmler was adamant that by harnessing the powers of the occult, the Nazis could achieve world domination. They tried to fill the hole with stones, but to no avail because it seemed never-ending, a true bottomless pit. Swimmers were warned that an icy cold swell or sucking whirlpool would imperil them. The castle was supposedly constructed in the middle 13th century to surround and cover the hole to hell that had spontaneously formed. As of early 2020, the castle was open to the public and had been since 1999. The castle was not built as a residence or as a protective sanctuary, but was instead built because the hole was thought to be a gateway to hell. In the 18th century, it stopped serving as a noble residence and fell into a state of disrepair before being renovated in 1823. Now this carving of what looks like a plaited loaf of bread on a pedestal in the castle makes sense, but I don't know if it's original. Background. In The Mabinogion, translated by Lady Charlotte Guest [1877] it was said that fish in the lake are deformed and odd and that birds do not visit it. In 1989, religious network Trinity Broadcasting (TBN) reported the story framed as Scientists Discover Hell. where the devil meets with his minions and a headless ghost circles the pond after being summoned by hobgoblins, where living things and buildings slip in and are forever lost, giant cracks miles deep or with lava pools, There was a legend here that parents disposed of their babies umbilical cords in this vent as a magical ritual to give the child positive qualities, a gruesome legend where a father killed his son and then also drowning himself, Hydrogen sulfide gas in the water is toxic and can cause dizziness and nausea, disorienting divers, Rich Buhler, a radio host for Christianity Today, tracked the story back to the propaganda article that was based on a made-up story, additional features attributed to Mels Hole were bizarre, When he told them the paranormal tales were nonsense but the real hole was a typical mine shaft, The physics of such a hole is quite weird, The Kola Superdeep Borehole is the deepest hole on earth at 40,230 feet. Most Haunted Live visited the castle on March 26, 2010. They were said to have conducted unknown experiments there, perhaps trying to make the Spear of Destiny lead people to immortality or what not, nobody knows. In 1639, a Swedish commander, black magician, and alchemist practiced there. Houska Castle Country: Czech Republic Built: 13th century Haunting: Located in the forests north of Prague, Houska castle was never a strategic battle location. The castle was built in 1253-1278 and was upgraded to a Renaissance style castle during the 1500's. Firstly, most of the windows are not in use. The bottomlessness of the various pits, lakes and bogs worldwide is not physically accurate but the concept of the unknown abyss is an essential feature of a mythological and enchanted landscape. [1] It is one of the best preserved castles of the period. Some notable features of the castle include a predominantly Gothic chapel, green chamber with late-Gothic paintings, and a knight's drawing room. #OnThisDay 1973: Nationwide reported from a spooky Welsh lake. Locals avoided the area near Houska Castle even when it lay completely abandoned. Others will try a weighted line. Your email address will not be published. As a folklore motif, the unfathomable hole is ancient. Volcanic crater lakes often have the folkloric feature of being bottomless. Photo: ladabar / flickr / CC-BY-NC 2.0. The rumor was that the natives called the seemingly shallow pond the black swamp and considered it the home of evil spirits. The remains of three Nazi soldiers are said to have been found in the courtyard. The listener may hear no splash or crack of a stone hitting some surface below. Ive tried using a well probe to test for depth and you start to lose that feeling of hitting bottom at about 300 feet. This Massive Castle Was Built In Order From Keeping Something From Getting Out The Most Haunted Place In The World The Czech Republic's Houska castle is said to be one of the strangest places on the planet. Blue holes: Definition and genesis. Houska Castle- located in the Czech Republic, bisected by the Vltava River is one such castle that has always lured lovers of secrets. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. No modern discussion of weird bottomless holes would be complete without at least mentioning it. Houska Castle: The tale of the gateway to hell is not for the faint of heart! Houska Castle was likely built on the orders of Ottokar II of Bohemia who wanted it to serve as an administrative building where other royal properties could be managed from. The Eerie History Of Houska Castle, The Gothic Fortress Built To Seal A Gateway To Hell. Adding to the evil in this old fortress, the Second World War saw the invading Nazis set up base in Houska Castles upon hearing the stories of it. Some water bodies eventually have dried up enough to lose the mystique. The most obvious is that people exaggerated the depth or outright lied about the claim. Michel Meurger wrote about the tradition of lake monsters in Europe and North America. Flagstaff, Arizonas Bottomless Pit is a karst feature. MYSTERIESRUNSOLVED & MRU MEDIA, 2019-2022. There are many legends around this Flagstaff pit and it was once somewhat of a tourist attraction. In Lyminster, people tried to find the bottom of the local hole by tying the six bell ropes of the church together. Therefore, it might not be surprising to discover how often legendary bottomless holes have a demonstrated bottom that people simply chose to ignore. The Scientific Monthly , 84: 6, 302-308. Quicksand is also an occasional hazard here. https://aforteantinthearchives.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/the-lake-that-has-no-bottom/. Located in a rift valley, the average depth is over 2000 feet with the maximum depth measured at 5,387 feet. The locals ignored the finding. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'inquisitivewonder_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_9',163,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-inquisitivewonder_com-medrectangle-4-0'); Archeological evidence shows that Celtic people had settled in the area hundreds of years prior to the castle being built, and Slavic tribes had migrated to the area as far back as the 6th century. There are famous knuckerholes at Lyminster, Lancing, Shoreham, Worthing, and other areas of the South Downs that are flat. Houska Castle is an early Gothic castle in the municipality of Blatce in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. According to folklore, Houska Castle was constructed over a large hole in the ground which was known as The Gateway to Hell. Houska Castle. houska castle pit explorationdr phil what happened to colin. Legend has it that half-animal, half-human creatures used to crawl out from the pit at night, and those black-winged creatures used to attack locals and drag them down into the hole. Knucker holes are springs. Due to groundwater extraction, these spring-fed pools may eventually shrink or dry up. Its also pretty fun to imagine they are the gaping mouth of a subterranean creature or that the earth itself is a living thing that would eat us. Most castles have a some kind of valid purpose behind them and are built in the best interest of the people around them. The Gateway To Hell - A Bottomless Pit Under Houska Castle: Many people wonder why Houska Castle was built in such a strange location and odd way. Its possible that a strong current might have existed underwater at times, creating a visible swirling effect. Fearful of turning into these demonic entities themselves, villagers avoided the rocky entrance. Archaeological evidence has shown that Celtic tribes inhabited the land Houska Castle stands on in antiquity. Crossing the bog is dangerous as dry land can suddenly turn liquid. This folklore was also the basis for the Doctor Who graphic novel Herald of Madness (2019), which is set at Houska Castle and was first published in Doctor Who Magazine 535539. Many people who have ventured into the castle have reported hearing scratching and screams from beneath the ground they walk on, especially as you get closer to where the pit lies. For a start, how would a bottomless hole hold water? Constructed between 1253 and 1278 during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia, the castles original purpose has become the subject of many dark and terrifying stories. American Imago , 4: 1, 20-31. Houska Castle LOCATION: CZECH REPUBLIC Residing in the northern region of Bohemia, Houska Castle seems to be something out of a horror story. As detailed below, the deepest hole ever made by humans was only half this depth. According to the legend, local villagers claimed that demonic half-human and . It wasn't near any water, wasn't strategically important, and didn't seem to have anyone living in it. Despite Oronto's death, locals continued to avoid the area. That is usually more fiction than reality. Hohek's Castle was built between 1253 and 1278. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. She noted a correspondent told her of Welsh legends where the lakes had their own personalities and resented being measured. Macha described a vision in which his soul descended into the pit, and was then transported to a type of hellish mechanized future Prague 2006. New light on contested identity of medieval skeleton found at Prague Castle Date: August 22, 2019 Source: University of Bristol Summary: Used as a propaganda tool by the Nazis and Soviets during . The current explanation is that they are formed from the collapse of previously frozen ground. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'inquisitivewonder_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_1',162,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-inquisitivewonder_com-medrectangle-3-0'); If youre lucky enough to observe Houska Castle from the outside, youll notice some quite peculiar additions. The deepest spot in the ocean is 35,814 feet belowsealevel, part of the Mariana Trench between Guam and the Philippines called the ChallengerDeep. Houska Castle is a gothic construction dating back to the late 1200s. There are even rumors that the Nazis were involved in secret Occult studies at Houska Castle, since for some unknown reason they were stationed there during . To the famous castle from the middle of the 13th century, with the name: Houska. Houska Castle is an early Gothic castle, 47 kilometres north of Prague, in Czechia. Lets check out the legends of bottomless holes. Feb 11, 2016 - Explore Lori Kopperman's board "Houska Castle, Gateway to Hell" on Pinterest. Czech poet Karel Hynek Macha visited Houska Castle in 1836, and spent a night there during his walking tour of the region. He succeeded in measuring the depth himself at 102 feet. You can visit this location during the kosher tours with Kosher River Cruise to the gems of Central Europe! We have a really hard time creating a super-deep hole because it needs to be reinforced and cooled. Two qualities of a lake indicated the almost certain presence of a legendary monster first, dark water, and secondly, it was deemed unfathomable. The Swedish Commander was also known to be carrying out inhumane experiments on prisoners of war. If those methods fail, then, seemingly by default, the opening is declared bottomless. The bottomless pit or abyss is mentioned in Revelation 9 in the Bible. It also appears to have no function of outside fortification. Houska Castle is one of the best-preserved castles in the region and is 29 miles north of Prague. Rocky Creek Medieval Decor Castle Houska was built not as a defense castle, nor a royal residence - but rather to cover up the exit from the "pit of hell" - an endless hole in the ground which is believed to be under the floor of the chapel room. A movie/TV trope that creates sudden bottomless chasms as a handy dramatic device is that of earth fissures that suddenly open during a quake where living things and buildings slip in and are forever lost. I wish I had more info on this citation from Corliss. Treachery of the Long Knives Houska Castle sits quietly, surrounded by forest, mystery and a whole lot of legend. Earthquakes dont open giant cracks miles deep or with lava pools. The chapel was dedicated to the Archangel Michael who led God's armies against Lucifer's fallen angels, leading some to believe the gateway truly existed or still does. But even today, over seven hundred years after the pit has been sealed, visitors still claim to hear the scratching of creatures from the lower floors at night, trying to claw their way to the surface. Eventually, equipment fails at the pressure and heat at about 12 kilometers. Exaggerated legends say that one who made it out was aged 30 years after only being in the hole for a short while. Wikimedia CommonsSkeletal remains of Nazis were purportedly found in the courtyard of Houska Castle. These internal defences point toward the courtyard. Though the hole is often referred to as the gateway to Hell, its also referred to as the Houska Castle pit. Haunted? It is believed that the castle was built only to keep the evil in. Listen to this episode from Unexplained Mysteries on Spotify. While Houska Castle now welcomes countless tourists from around the world, the limestone cliff on which it sits has drawn people in since antiquity. Kansas has the infamous Stull Cemetery, Greece has the Cape Matapan Caves, and Indiana had the Demon House (until Ghost Adventures' Zak Bagans tore it down), and . Houska Castle wasn't near any water, wasn't strategically important, and didn't seem to have anyone living in it. Thus, people assume it has no bottom at all. Many of these ceremonies were thought to have taken place at Houska Castle. Philbrook, S. and Burgess, F. (2017). Loch Morar, southwest of Ness, reaches 1017 feet. There must be thousands of examples of features around the world that have been at one time called bottomless. Please help this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Houska Castle, Czech Republic By Deb Daniel Jansonsin Ghosts and Hauntings, Haunted Locations Approximately 47km from Prague, sits a large and menacing structure called the Houska Castle. It is situated in a remote area surrounded by thick forests, swamps, and sandstone mountains. A phantom White Lady is also said to haunt the building. This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 18:46. 108/5 1 . . . 70160. Many of the world's so-called gateways to hell amount to nothing more than a creepy setting with a really spooky urban legend attached, but then there's Houska Castle, a 762-year-old gothic castle that was built to seal shut what locals believe is the real-life entrance to the underworld. It lies about 47 km (29 mi) north of Prague. [6][4], During World War II, the Wehrmacht occupied the castle until 1945. The first of these craters were discovered in July 2014. Eventually, the hole was characterized by its promoters as a top-secret government project involving an underground alien base. It was filled only to be restored to its original condition the next day. Situated on a clifftop and surrounded by dark legends and unsettling accounts, the Houska castle is one of the most feared castles in the world. The Frightening Legend of Houska Castle by Prague Morning June 4, 2021 In the second half of the 13th century, a mysterious Gothic castle was built. It lacked defenses, most of which were built facing inward, and didn't even have stairs. Locals were terrified of the half-human hybrids that began to crawl out of the hole at night and tear livestock apart. In 1901, English Mechanic magazine reported on a seemingly bottomless hole at 171st St in New York City. When we cant readily discern the depth, the hole begets additional legendary characteristics, including that of being bottomless. Lake Ronkonkoma is Long Islands biggest and deepest lake. Houska Castle has been open to the public since 1999. Storytellers supposed that the loch bottom had hidden caverns that connected to the ocean to the northeast thus providing a passage for one of the worlds most famous lake monsters. Houska Castle, The Czech Fortress Used By Mad Scientists And Nazis The Eerie History Of Houska Castle, The Gothic Fortress Built To Seal A 'Gateway To Hell' By Cara Johnson Published April 7, 2022 Constructed near Prague in the 13th century, Houska Castle has housed mad scientists, Nazis, and perhaps even "demons." Its only about 20 feet deep, the water is recirculated. Centuries-old legends may be able to answer that question. The most popular legend surrounding the castles construction suggests it was built to conceal a portal to Hell. Glass pains were installed during the castles construction, but walls were also built behind them, preventing them from being used. He said locals knew of the hole and would throw garbage in it. This ancient stone structure has for centuries held certain notoriety in the region of northern Bohemia in the Czech Republic. They dropped the first man into the ditch and after a few seconds, he had disappeared into the darkness. how to walk a human a dogs guide. Legends live on even into modern times. Bottomless Lakes are the result of karst features, sinkholes that are perpetually filled with water because they extend below the water table. Houska Castle is located in the eastern part of the Kokon Forest, 47 km north of Prague and about 15 km from Bezdz, another ancient iconic castle of Central Europe. Houska Castle is generally known as the most haunted castle in all of Bohemia. After the war, the remains of three german soldiers were uncovered in the inner courtyard they had been shot. It is an early Gothic Castle that was built in 1253-1278 during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia. If you dont die from the sheer bottomlessness of it all, you will encounter whatever nasty thing exists in the dark, forsaken void. Constructed between 1253 and 1278 during the reign of Ottokar II of Bohemia, the castle's original purpose has become the subject of many dark and terrifying stories. More recently, mysterious holes are endowed with speculative suggestions that they are wormholes or entrances to another dimension. These water bodies claim people (dead or alive), animals, treasure, transport vehicles, and many secrets. Within seconds, however, he cried to be raised up. According to legend, the castle which stands today was built over the Houska pit, in order to conceal the gateway to Hell. The best example would be Devils Hole in Death Valley which claimed the lives of two boys in 1965 and inspired Charles Manson. The castle is built upon a fabled bottomless pit from which winged creatures and half-man-half-beasts allegedly exited. Spirits and beasts from the underworld escaped to torment the locals. Hrad Houska Nature Hiking Adventure An old Gothic style castle that is perfectly hidden in the deep forest and riddled with mystery, come if you dare! There were other clear hoax indicators for this story. We find many legends of bottomless lakes associated with a resident monster. Legends and Romances of Brittany. He was still screaming when they pulled him to the surface. Facts cant ruin a good story. This is ten-foot-wide opening rimmed with splatter from lava. The chapel was dedicated to the Archangel Michael, who led God's armies against Lucifer's fallen angels. Myths, tales, and mystery surround the 13th-century castle. Heres where is Houska Castle located on Google Maps: Your email address will not be published. In order to try and unlock the power from beneath the foundations, its said that he practiced numerous rituals, which included animal sacrifice. [4], Houska Castle, and most specifically the chapel, was constructed over a large hole in the ground that is a "gateway to Hell", which is allegedly so deep that no one could see the bottom of it. This has raised doubts as to the castles intended purpose, but if it wasnt built to be a fort or residence, why was it built at all? Then we'll return to the fascinating case of Doris Bither, who was the real woman behind the character of Carla Moran in the 1982 horror film The Entity . Encountering karst openings may have definitely led to people believing they found a bottomless hole. Years later upon its renovation, skeletons of several Nazi Officers were discovered. And the second type is a tropical karst feature initially identified in the Bahamas. Constructed between 1253 and 1278, the majestic Houska Castle is said to have been built specifically to cover a hole which led straight to Hell, said to have spontaneously formed in a limestone cliff and to be a bottomless pit full of tormented souls, which would vomit forth all manner of horrific creatures birthed from the underworld. It depends on the storyteller.) The name comes from the old Saxon word nicor meaning water spirit or monster. Sinkholes, Bottomless Lakes, and the Pecos River. While Nazi Germany took countless castles and plundered the nations it invaded during the war, the appeal of Houska Castle remains debatable.
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