This is likely the first example of remote access computing. VTech, founded in Hong Kong, had been a manufacturer of Pong-like games and educational toys when they introduce the Laser 128 computer. Palm Inc., founded by Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins, originally created software for the Casio Zoomer personal data assistant. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. It had two operating modes, one that mirrored the segmented memory of older x86 chips, allowing full backward compatibility, and one that took full advantage of its more advanced technology. With a distinctive anodized aluminum case, and hailed as the first true 64-bit personal computer, the Apple G5 is the most powerful Macintosh ever released to that point. [3] IBM SSEC, became operational in January 1948 but was electromechanical [22] Nearly a quarter century after IBM launched their PC in 1981, they had become merely another player in a crowded marketplace. Motorola went on to create the 68000 series, which became the basis for the Apple Macintosh line of computers. The First Microcomputer: Altair 8800. True False Zuse later supervised a reconstruction of the Z3 in the 1960s, which is currently on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich. Lenovo, China's largest manufacturer of PCs, purchased IBM's personal computer business in 2005, largely to gain access to IBM's ThinkPad line of computers and sales force. Its task was to detect incoming Soviet bombers and direct interceptor aircraft to destroy them. An offshoot of the POWER XCell8i chip was used as the main processor in the Sony PlayStation 3 game console. In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. While larger than the previous G4 towers, the G5 had comparatively limited space for expansion. Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. T/F True You can save money on your data plan by using this type of connection whenever possible for connecting to the Internet. (D) Most of those individuals and companies that could be expected to make up the potential market for the Regent microcomputer have already filled their microcomputer needs. The Earth Simulator was listed as the fastest supercomputer in the world from 2002 to 2004. Apple gave away thousands of Apple IIs to school, giving a new generation their first access to personal computers. The mill is still in use today as an office park (Clock Tower Place) today. One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. Updates called _____ contain fixes and enhancements to the operating system. A total of ten Colossi were delivered, each using as many as 2,500 vacuum tubes. The 486 chips remained similar in structure to their predecessors, the 386 chips. IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC). Intel introduced the 8086 in June 1978. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. Each processor had its own small memory linked with others through a flexible network that users altered by reprogramming rather than rewiring. Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip. Gates and Allen started Microsoftoriginally called Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. Commodore releases the VIC-20 home computer as the successor to the Commodore PET personal computer. Introduced at the Altair Convention in Albuquerque in March 1976, the visual display module enabled the use of personal computers for interactive games. Nine of the computers, which featured dozens of advanced design innovations, were sold, mainly to national laboratories and major scientific users. What software was the first available for microcomputers? When Xerox PARC loaned the Stanford Engineering Department an entire Alto Ethernet network with laser printer, graduate student Andy Bechtolsheim re-designed it into a prototype that he then attached to Stanfords computer network. The world's first scanned image was made on SEAC by engineer Russell Kirsch in 1957. What is a key technological infrastructure resource for online teaching? Onyx Systems began selling early microcomputer-based Unix workstations in 1980. An experiment conducted five months later on the MIT Whirlwind computer confirmed how useful and convenient a keyboard input device could be. After retiring their initial Visor series of PDAs, Handspring introduced the Treo line of smartphones, designed with built-in keyboards, cameras, and the Palm operating system. The TRS-80 was priced at $599.95, included a Z80 microprocessor, video display, 4 KB of memory, a built-in BASIC programming language interpreter, cassette storage, and easy-to-understand manuals that assumed no prior knowledge on the part of the user. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. Subject. The first generation of Palm-produced devices, the Palm 1000 and 5000, are based around a Motorola microprocessor running at 16MHz, and uses a special gestural input language called Graffiti, which is quick to learn and fast. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. Gene Amdahl, father of the IBM System/360, starts his own company, Amdahl Corporation, to compete with IBM in mainframe computer systems. C. . False 1951. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Graduation rates are lower in online schools. The astronauts were responsible for entering more than 10,000 commands into the AGC for each trip between Earth and the Moon. false. The World Wide Web was invented in the 90s The first digital computing services were invented in the The first commercial computers were available in First PCs in the First Cell phones in the 1940s 1950 80s 90s The first computer was designed to fire missles A "Bug" is used to describe Follow-on versions of the Kindle added further audio-video capabilities. Instruction for which all students "meet" with the instructor by video at a designated time of day would be an example of this kind of distance course. True/False B. A driver education teacher might use this kind of software to let students "practice" driving before actually getting in a car. If a social studies teacher wanted to poll students anonymously about their opinions on a local issue, what tool might she use to gather their data? What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). Based on ideas from Alan Turing, Britains Pilot ACE computer is constructed at the National Physical Laboratory. The Relay Interpolator used 440 relays, and since it was programmable by paper tape, was used for other applications following the war. Among the lecturers were early computer designers like John von Neumann, Howard Aiken, J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, as well as mathematicians including Derrick Lehmer, George Stibitz, and Douglas Hartree. Applications were also highly innovative: a WYSISYG word processor known as Bravo, a paint program, a graphics editor, and email for example. It was built in Washington DC as a test-bed for evaluating components and systems as well as for setting computer standards. For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. Hewlett and Packard in their garage workshop. What set the 486 apart was its optimized instruction set, with an on-chip unified instruction and data cache and an optional on-chip floating-point unit. Software HP Netserver LM, one of the first to use Intel's Pentium. The University of Michigan Micro Mote (M3) is the smallest computer in the world at the time of its completion. The new chip made graphical operating environments for IBM PC and PC-compatible computers practical. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? Doug Ross wrote a memo advocating direct access in February. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. Dropout rates are higher in online courses. Used for science and engineering as well as simple data processing, the LGP-30 was a bargain at less than $50,000 and an early example of a personal computer, that is, a computer made for a single user. During three years of production, IBM sells 19 701s to research laboratories, aircraft companies, and the federal government. The machines existence was not made public until the 1970s. Apollo and its main competitor, Sun Microsystems, optimized their machines to run the computer-intensive graphics programs common in engineering and scientific applications. Mark-8 featured on Radio-Electronics July 1974 cover. Only about thirty NEACs were sold. Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. The TX-0 (Transistor eXperimental - 0) is the first general-purpose programmable computer built with transistors. Its price was $2,500. The first companies to produce a specific type of program had good sales even though they did little promotion and their programs were not "userfriendly." It seems that many of these "innovators . The machine was designed and built by Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry between 1939 and 1942. In 1940, Stibitz demonstrated the CNC at an American Mathematical Society conference held at Dartmouth College. Under the leadership of MIT's Gordon Brown and Jay Forrester, the team first built a small analog simulator, but found it inaccurate and inflexible. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. The last one was decommissioned in 1979. Dubbed a Personal Data Assistant by Apple President John Scully in 1992, the Newton featured many of the features that would define handheld computers in the following decades. Its large scope intrigued early hackers at MIT, who wrote the first computerized video game, SpaceWar!, as well as programs to play music. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. High packaging density of integrated circuits and a novel Freon cooling system also contributed to its speed. In all, about 200 of the boards were sold before Apple announced the follow-on Apple II a year later as a ready-to-use computer for consumers, a model which sold in the millions for nearly two decades. spreadsheet program The ATX is the most commonly used form factor today. Under the auspices of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant, biomedical research faculty from around the United States came to a workshop at MIT to build their own LINCs, and then bring them back to their home institutions where they would be used. Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. This printing programmable calculator was made from discrete transistors and an acoustic delay-line memory. Wi-Fi The first large commercial computers to use integrated circuits, RCA highlights the IC's advantage over IBMs custom SLT modules. Microsoft Windows, also called Windows and Windows OS, computer operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers (PCs). The Manchester Mark I used more than 1,300 vacuum tubes and occupied an area the size of a medium room. Kilburn (left) and Williams in front of 'Baby'. SWAC was used to solve problems in numerical analysis, including developing climate models and discovering five previously unknown Mersenne prime numbers. workstations. What type of software allows teachers and students in different locations to use it to create, edit, and share documents at the same time over the Internet? The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. The most popular operating system for small microcomputers in the late 1970s was CP/M, written by Gary Kildall in about 1974 and marketed by the company he started, Digital Research, Inc. IBM visited Digital Research in August 1980 - some say at the suggestion of Bill Gates - to investigate using "CP/M-86, their upcoming version for . The LEO was Englands first commercial computer and was performing useful work before any other commercial computer system in the world. Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. Eventually, SABRE expanded, even making airline reservations available via on-line services such as CompuServe, Genie, and America Online. Working under Tom Kilburn at Englands Manchester University, Richard Grimsdale and Douglas Webb demonstrate a prototype transistorized computer, the "Manchester TC", on November 16, 1953. With a peak speed of over a petaflop (one thousand trillion calculations per second), the Tianhe 1 (translation: Milky Way 1) is developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology using Intel Xeon processors combined with AMD graphic processing units (GPUs). Commodores Amiga 1000 is announced with a major event at New York's Lincoln Center featuring celebrities like Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry of the musical group Blondie. IBMs 7000 series of mainframe computers are the companys first to use transistors. The definition of a computer remained the same until the end of the 19th century, when the industrial revolution gave rise to mechanical machines whose primary purpose was . Marketed as a fast, extremely accurate electronic slide rule with a solid-state memory similar to that of a computer, the HP-35 distinguished itself from its competitors by its ability to perform a broad variety of logarithmic and trigonometric functions, to store more intermediate solutions for later use, and to accept and display entries in a form similar to standard scientific notation. The notion of storing both data and instructions in memory became known as the stored program concept to distinguish it from earlier methods of instructing a computer. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? The Z3, an early computer built by German engineer Konrad Zuse working in complete isolation from developments elsewhere, uses 2,300 relays, performs floating point binary arithmetic, and has a 22-bit word length. The 2200 used a built-in CRT, cassette tape for storage, and ran the programming language BASIC. The first commercially advertised US computer based on a microprocessor (the Intel 8008,) the Scelbi has 4 KB of internal memory and a cassette tape interface, as well as Teletype and oscilloscope interfaces. Using dual PowerPC 603 CPUs, and featuring a large variety of peripheral ports, the first devices were used for software development. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when his students videoconference to exchange ideas about water pollution prevention? Operational by 1964, it was not the first computerized reservation system, but it was well publicized and became very influential. The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. One major advance in programming was Wilkes' use of a library of short programs, called subroutines, stored on punched paper tapes and used for performing common repetitive calculations within a lager program. effects of word processing on students' handwriting. Sony had manufactured and sold computers in Japan, but the VAIO signals their entry into the global computer market. The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1. Performing far better than the company projections of 3,000 units for the first year, in the first month after its release Tandy Radio Shacks first desktop computer the TRS-80 sells 10,000 units. The camera had a maximum resolution of 0.11 megapixels a 256-color display, and photos could be shared wirelessly. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. high interaction between students and the teacher. Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. What can be accomplished by using the Quality Matters standards and the Rubric for Assessing Interactive Quality? Most historians believe that the use of Colossus machines significantly shortened the war by providing evidence of enemy intentions and beliefs. Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. Which of the following has research shown to be a benefit of online learning? It offered increased performance and storage capacity over the original IBM PC and sold for about $4,000. The machine came with 256 bytes of memory (expandable to 64 KB) and an open 100-line bus structure that evolved into the S-100 standard widely used in hobbyist and personal computers of this era. At MIT, researchers begin experimenting with direct keyboard input to computers, a precursor to todays normal mode of operation. Each credit card-sized Arduino board consisted of an inexpensive microcontroller and signal connectors which made Arduinos ideal for use in any application connecting to or monitoring the outside world. One biblical scholar even used a Univac 1 to compile a concordance to the King James version of the Bible. The popularity of 16-bit computers, such as the Hewlett-Packard 21xx series and the Data General Nova, led the way toward word lengths that were multiples of the 8-bit byte. spreadsheet What is the function of an IEP generator? What is the function of an IEP generator? Beginning with the VAX-11/780, the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX family of computers rivals much more expensive mainframe computers in performance and features the ability to address over 4 GB of virtual memory, hundreds of times the capacity of most minicomputers. Despite using 98,304 PowerPC chips, Sequoia's relatively low power usage made it unusually efficient. What kind of software tool are Notebook and ActivInspire examples of? microprocessor/ processor. The Macintosh Portable was heavy, weighing sixteen pounds, and expensive (US$6,500). The success of the VAX family of computers transformed DEC into the second-largest computer company in the world, as VAX systems became the de facto standard computing system for industry, the sciences, engineering, and research. What productivity activity does infographic software best support? The Central processing unit (CPU) serves as the primarily processing component of a computer system.
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